PROCTOLOGY at J|medical

It is advisable to consult a specialist in proctology when symptoms or problems related to the rectal and anal region arise.

What is a proctological examination? It is a medical examination conducted by a physician specialising in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions involving the rectum and anus. In addition to patients with already known proctological conditions, individuals may be referred to a proctology specialist to assess symptoms involving the rectum and anus (pain, bleeding, itching, purulent discharge, and swelling). During the consultation, the physician carefully evaluates the nature of these symptoms in order to formulate an accurate diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment.

What is the purpose of the proctological examination? To diagnose and treat various conditions related to the rectum, such as haemorrhoids, anal fissures, rectal prolapse, rectocele, and other conditions. It is advisable to undergo a medical examination at the first onset of symptoms, as they may be indicative of more serious problems. Furthermore, individuals with a prior history of proctological conditions should undergo regular check-up consultations to monitor any changes or developments in the condition.

How does the consultation proceed? The physician takes the patient’s medical history, covering clinical history and lifestyle (diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, level of physical activity and sedentariness, any existing conditions, other family members with proctological conditions, and any medication use). The physician then asks the patient to describe the problems that led them to seek consultation, and performs a complete inspection of the anal canal — first externally, through observation and palpation, and then internally, through digital examination. If deemed appropriate, the physician may subject the patient to anorectoscopy (or proctoscopy), which is performed by inserting an anoscope into the anal canal (a small tube approximately 5–6 cm in length that allows direct visualisation of the anorectal canal).

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